听力原文： Throughout history, sports have played an important role in society. Not only have they been a source of entertainment for both the player and the spectator, but they have served as a pleasurable way of ensuring the physical fitness of citizens of all ages. The popularity of different sports varies from one country to another. Factors such as tradition, climate and cost obviously influence the types of sports that are played by both amateur and professional athletes in various countries. Contrary to winter sports like ice hockey and downhill skiing, table tennis, badminton and fishing, for example, do not require expensive equipment or expensive sports facilities. Television has increased the popularity of sports like football, basketball, tennis and golf. Millions of men and women all over the world watch live broadcasts of the Olympic Games and the World Cup, for example. Star athletes become the topic of conversation, and often serve as models of courage and determination. The re cord-breaking accomplishments of many athletes are inspirational examples of men and women approaching the limits of human endeavor. Although their performances have been enhanced by major improvements in equipment and training, these sports stars usually deserve the glory and celebrity status they receive. However, many educators feel that too much emphasis has been placed on the development of professional athletes. Physical education teachers often stress the importance of competitive sports for all young people, not just a select few of the excellent ones. They point out that sports help channel energy in a positive way and contribute to the development of determination and self-discipline. All boys and girls, irrespective of their athletic abilities, should be able to benefit from the joys and disappointments of competitive sports. (33)