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When it comes to social behaviour,mammals are in a league of their own.Some birds may form pairs,or even cooperate to hunt,but the complexity (复杂性) of their relationships can hardly compare to those within a school of dolphins,a herd of elephants or a group of humans.What makes mammalian social groups different from a flock of starlings or a shoal of fish,is that in many cases the individuals could recognize each other.Although we may think that  all elephants look pretty much the same,we can easily tell individuals of our own species apart and it has become clear through studies that the same is true of other species.Dolphins have their own signature whistles that act like “names”,and elephants can recognize and greet other individuals they have known but not seen for many years.This is something that only a few species of birds appear to be able to do. Mammals in complex social groups not only recognize each other as individuals,but also they remember a lot of information about that individual.Social groups often rely on this memory—such as knowing who is dominant to whom,who is related to whom,and who has done what to whom in the past.It’s like remembering who you have lent money to or done a favour for,and who hasn’t repaid that money or has talked about you behind your back.You have to learn who to trust,who your friends are,and who to watch out for. All this remembering goes on in a particular part of the brain called the neocortex (大脑皮层).If you compare the size of a mammal’s social group with the size of this part of the brain,you will find they are remarkably closely related.This area seems to take a long time to develop fully and animals in which it is very large take a very  long time to grow up to adulthood.During this time,the youngster has to learn all the rules of social behaviour in their group and to piece together all  the relationships between the group members:Knowledge that will be needed to avoid getting into trouble. 小题1:What is special about a mammalian social group according to the passage? A.All the individuals cooperate to hunt. B.The individuals can communicate with each other. C.The individuals can recognize each other. D.The individuals form closer relationship. 小题2:The passage suggests that elephants________. A.are cleverer than dolphins B.can recognize other species C.may mistake a member for another D.have good memories 小题3:Animals whose area of the neocortex is large________. A.will have a long period of time before they become adults B.will spend a shorter time learning the necessary knowledge C.will learn the necessary knowledge much more easily D.will have more difficulty in growing up as adults 小题4:If the neocortex is larger,the animals________. A.can live a longer life B.have a smaller social group C.have a larger social group D.have a greater body size
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【单选题】信念的形成受到()的影响。
A.
意志活动
B.
认识活动
C.
感觉活动
D.
自由意志
【判断题】社会研究同自然科学研究一样都是科学的研究方法,对社会现实中的人、人的社 会行为,以及与人有关的社会现象的研究同样能够达到自然科学对自然现象研究那样高的准确程度。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【简答题】大量出汗后,尿量有何变化?为什么?
【单选题】社会学不是研究单个人的现象,而是研究一群人的社会现象;社会学不是研究个别现象,而是对社会整体进行研究。从而表明社会学学科特点的
A.
科学性
B.
综合性
C.
整体性
D.
应用性
E.
广泛性
【判断题】灰铸铁的减振性能比钢好。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【单选题】She worked very hard this term for fear that she ____fail in the exams.
A.
must
B.
would
C.
did
D.
will
【简答题】大量出汗后,尿量有何变化,为什么?
【简答题】The scholars worked very hard, but they worked____________(既不为名也不为利)
【判断题】铸铁的减振性比钢好。( )
A.
正确
B.
错误
【判断题】灰铸铁的减振性能比钢的好。(    )
A.
正确
B.
错误
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