Valuation is the process of determining what an asset is currently worth.
B.
An asset’s value is the present value of the future benefits. For example, the current value of equipment is the present value of the expected cash flows it will generate in the future.
C.
If a company has shares of stock owned by the general public, the value of the company is the total number of shares times the market value of a share.
D.
If it’s a company that does not have shares owned by the general public, then the value of the company exactly equals the value of the firm’s equity.