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【背景资料】某建设工程项目,业主与施工单位订立了施工合同,合同工期为150天。在合同中规定: 1) 工期每提前1天,奖励3000元,拖后1天罚款5000元。 2)分项工程发生工程变更后的工程实际数量超过(或少于)工程量清单中所列数量的25%时,该分项工程单价予以调整,调整系数为0.9(1.1)。 3)人工费为80元/工日,窝工人工费补偿标准为25元/工日,机械为500元/,折旧费为50元/,综合费率为30%。 施工单位在开前提交了施工进度计划并得到监理工程师的批准,[注意:监理工程师对进度的批准,不等于监理工程师要承担施工过程中由于施工方案不当,进度控制失控造成的损失!]计划工期为150天。在工程施工中发生了如下几项事件: 事件1:因业主提供的场地未能准备好,使工作A和工作B的作业时间分别延长了20天和10天,由此造成人工窝工80个工日,机械闲置30个。[TFA=0 ,TFB=30 ] 事件2:为保证施工质量,施工单位将工作C原设计尺寸扩大,使其作业时间增加了12天,并由此造成增加人工80个工日,材料费5万元,机械增加20个。[TFC=60 ] 事件3:因设计变更,工作E的工程量由工程量清单中所列的3000m3增加到4000m3。该工作原综合单价为55元/m3[因为这里是一个综合单价,所以不另加综合费]。[TFE=30 ] 事件4:F为一个基础工程,基坑开挖后,发现局部有原勘察报告中没有说明的较深的软土层,施工方按监理工程师的指示配合进行地质复查,配合用工50个工日,地质复查后,由设计单位对原基础设计方案进行了修改,施工方按批准的方案进行施工,由此增加直接费8万元,因对F进行地质复查和处理,使其作业时间延长10天,人员窝工60个工日,机械闲置15个。[TFF=0 ] 事件5:由于施工单位的施工机械出现了从未出现过的机械故障,使工作D的作业时间延长了15天,由此造成人员窝工30个工日,机械闲置15个。[ TFD=0] 事件6:鉴于该工程工期较紧,施工单位在征得监理工程师同意后采取了加快施工措施,使J工作的作业时间缩短了12天,用于加快施工的技术组织措施费为3万元。 最终工程完工,实际工期为183天。施工单位按规定程序提出了索赔要求。 [问题] 上述事件中,哪些事件索赔成立哪些不成立,为什么?各项事件能得到的工期补偿为多少?费用补偿为多少?
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【简答题】–_______ of the land is covered with grass. –That’s why there are a lot of ranches here.A. two thirds B. two third
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【多选题】Which of the following statements about the land ethic are correct?
A.
Aldo Leopold (1887–1948) wrote, among other things, the famous essay, "The Land Ethic." In it, Leopold argues that our relationship with the land is an ethical one in which we understand ourselves as being a part of a biotic community that includes the land.
B.
"Right" and "wrong" are to be understood through the well-being of the community as a whole. Under this understanding a person could justify farming, hunting, or other use of natural resources as long as the integrity, stability, and beauty of the particular natural community has been maintained.
C.
Such an outlook has been called ethical holism because ethical judgments about projects involving nature are made from this perspective.
D.
Pivotal to this understanding is the notion of a land pyramid in which one distinguishes the importance of the pyramid's lower layers: the soil and the primary producers.
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