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11：Reading Comprehension Early in the age of affluence that followed World War Ⅱ, an American retailing analyst named Victor Lebow proclaimed, 'Our enormously productive economy... demands that we make consumption our way of life, that we convert the buying and use of goods into rituals, that we seek our spiritual satisfaction, our ego satisfaction, in consumption... We need things consumed, burned up, worn out, replaced and discarded at an ever increasing rate.' Americans have responded to Lebow's call, and much of the world has followed. Consumption has become a central pillar of life in industrial lands and is even embedded in social values. Opinion surveys in the world's two largest economies—Japan and the United States—show consumerist definitions of success becoming ever more prevalent. Overconsumption by the world's fortunate is an environmental problem unmatched in severity by anything but perhaps population growth. Their surging exploitation of resources threatens to exhaust or unalterably spoil forests, soils, water, air and climate. Ironically, high consumption may be a mixed blessing in human terms, too. The time honored values of integrity of character, good work friendship, family and community have often been sacrificed in the rush to riches. Thus many in the industrial lands have a sense that their world of plenty is somehow hollow—that, misled by a consumerist culture, they have been fruitlessly attempting to satisfy what are essentially social, psychological and spiritual needs with material things. Of course, the opposite of overconsumption—poverty—is no solution to either environmental or human problems. It is infinitely worse for people and bad for the natural world too. Dispossessed peasants slash-and-burn their way into the rain forests of Latin America, and hungry nomads turn their herds out onto fragile Mrican grassland, reducing it to desert. If environmental destruction results when people have either too little or too much, we are left to wonder how much is enough. What level of consumption can the earth support? When does having more cease to add noticeably to human satisfaction? Why does the author say high consumption is a mixed blessing? A.Because poverty still exists in an affluent society.

Because moral values are sacrificed in pursuit of material satisfaction.

Because overconsumption won't last long due to unrestricted population growth.

Because traditional rituals are often neglected in the process of modernization.

黄

‍ 绿

红

蓝

外形、大小相近的金属和水反应 反应速率 Mg] Na

4 mL 0.01 mol/L的KMnO 4 溶液，分别和不同浓度的H 2 C 2 O 4 (草酸)溶液各2mL反应 0.1 mol/L的H 2 C 2 O 4 溶液 0.2 mol/L的H 2 C 2 O 4 溶液 C 5 mL 0.1 mol/L Na 2 S 2 O 3 溶液和5 mL 0.1 mol/L H 2 SO 4 溶液反应 热水 冷水

5 mL 4%的过氧化氢溶液分解放出O 2 无MnO 2 粉末 加MnO 2 粉末

peace talks

agreement

territory

reparations

r>0.99

0.95

0.90

r=0

滑石粉的润滑效果比硬脂酸镁好

硬脂酸镁可与乙酰水杨酸反应后，可引起药物水解

由于乙酰水杨酸不溶于水，不能选用疏水性的硬脂酸镁

硬脂酸镁与乙酰水杨酸混合会产生低共熔现象

乙酰水杨酸的可压性极差，滑石粉可显著改善其可压性