Consider the following argument: "Paul Krugman was being interviewed on a TV news program about the economy. During the interview, the interviewer called Krugman dishonest. Now, I realize that the interviewer is not an economist, or even very knowledgeable about economics, but still, the TV program is the interviewer's program. So the interviewer gets to set the rules for the program, and if the interviewer says that Krugman is dishonest, then we who are watching that interviewer's program should believe that Krugman is dishonest." This argument is an example of a(n)