Commonly used reporter genes that induce visually identifiable characteristics usually involve fluorescent and luminescent proteins, including:
A.
the gene that encodes jellyfish green fluorescent protein (GFP), which causes cells that express it to glow green under blue light
B.
the enzyme luciferase, which catalyzes a reaction with luciferin to produce light
C.
the red fluorescent protein from the gene dsRed
E.
coli lacZ gene, which encodes the protein β -galactosidase. This enzyme causes bacteria expressing the gene to appear blue when grown on a medium that contains the substrate analog X-gal