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【单选题】
The promise of finding long term technological solutions to the problem of world food shortage seems difficult to fulfill. Many innovations that were once heavily supported and publicized, such as fish protein concentrate and protein from algae grown on petroleum substrates, have since fallen by the wayside. The proposals themselves were technically feasible but they proved to be economically unviable and to yield food products culturally unacceptable to their consumers. One characteristic common to unsuccessful innovations has been that, even with extensive government support, they often have not been technologically adapted or culturally acceptable to the people for whom they had been developed. A successful new technology, therefore, must fit the entire social cultural system in which it is to find a place. Security of crop yield, practicality of storage, and costs are much more significant than had previously been realized by the advocates of new technologies. The adoption of new food technologies depends on more than these technical and cultural considerations economic factors and governmental policies also strongly influence the ultimate success of any innovation. Economists in the Anglo-American tradition have taken the lead in investigating the economies of technological innovation. Although they exaggerate in claiming that profitability-is the sky factor guiding technical change—they completely disregard the substantial effects of culture—they are correct in stressing the importance of profits. Most technological innovations in agriculture can be fully used only by large landowners and are only adopted if these profit-oriented business people believe that the innovation will increase their incomes. Thus, innovations that carry high rewards for big agribusiness (agricultural business) groups will be adopted even if they harm segments of the population and reduce the availability of food in a country. Further, should a new technology promise to alter substantially the profits and losses associated with any production system, those with economic power will strive to maintain and improve their own position. Since large segments of the populations of many developing countries are close to the subsistence margin and essentially powerless, they tend to be the losers in this system unless they are aided by a government policy that takes into account the needs of all sectors of the economy. Therefore, although technical advances in food production and processing will perhaps be needed to ensure food availability, meeting food needs will depend much more on equalizing economic power among the various segments of the population within the developing countries themselves. Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph?
A.
a suggestion is made and arguments in its favor are provided.
B.
a criticism is imposed and an alternative proposal is suggested.
C.
a generalization is advanced and supporting evidence is provided.
D.
an example is analyzed and general conclusions are derived from it.
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举一反三
【多选题】对所得税的实质性测试,一般包括:(    )。
A.
审查有关所得税的内部控制制度的设计和执行是否有效
B.
对照其他有关账户,将纳税申报表与有关原始凭证核对
C.
检查“所得税”、“应交税金——应交所得税”、“递延税款”等账户
D.
检查“银行存款”、“应交税金——应交所得税”、“递延税款”等账户
【单选题】由司法机关确定当事人之间的信托关系而成立的信托是()。
A.
法人信托
B.
法定信托
C.
公益信托
D.
他益信托
【多选题】在信息采集的方法中,当面调查询问法的优点包括()。
A.
方式方法机动灵活
B.
可以深入地了解到被调查者的实际意见
C.
不受时间地点的限制
D.
所花费的人力、物力、财力比较小
E.
收集到的资料信息比较快,量也比较大
【单选题】实行关税的静态效应不包括( )
A.
消费量减少
B.
国内生产增加
C.
贸易量减少
D.
消费者剩余增加
【多选题】大多数国有企业尤其是大型国有企业仍然没有在本质上发生改变,其经济行为后仍然能够看到政府的影子,而这些行为严重扭曲了税收经济效应,这些行为包括了()。
A.
经营者的短期行为——政绩工程、环境工程等
B.
企业上市情节严重,从而为上市而过分关心非利润的指标,更为严重的还在进行虚假的申报
C.
500强情结严重的企业往往忽视了对于企业最为重要的利润指标,而片面的通过合并改组扩大规模从而增加没有实际意义的销售额
D.
地方保护主义仍然存在,不正当竞争日益严重
E.
经营者过于关注政府官员的脸色
【单选题】由于“马太效应”的存在,理论上各个层次的公平其实都难以达到。这就需要国家制订相关的政策制度及科学、有效的竞争规则来调节利益差距,进行社会福利的二次分配,使得起点公平得以重建、过程公平得以保证,从而实现相对的结果公平。一般而言,国家应制订的政策制度包括()。 ①合理的税收制度 ②就业制度、工资制度 ③社会保障和员工福利制度 ④教育制度、保险制度
A.
①②
B.
②③
C.
①②③
D.
①②③④
【多选题】在信息采集的方法中,当面调查询问法的优点包括()。
A.
方式方法机动灵活可以深入地了解到被调查者的实际意见
B.
不受时间地点的限制
C.
所花费的人力、物力、财力比较小
D.
收集到的资料信息比较快,量也比较大
【多选题】在工作岗位分析过程中,当面调查询问法的缺点包括( )。
A.
耗时长、成本高
B.
受时间和地点的限制
C.
被调查者易受他人影响
D.
对调查者的素质要求较高
E.
采集到的信息不具有代表性
【多选题】访问调查法又称询问法,以当面、电话或者书面等不同的形式来调查。它包括( )
A.
直接访问法
B.
小组座谈法
C.
试验调查法
D.
观察法
【多选题】实行关税的效应包括( )
A.
消费量减少
B.
国内生产增加
C.
贸易量减少
D.
消费者剩余增加
E.
社会福利增加
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