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【单选题】
According to legend, Aesculapius bore two daughters, Panacea and Hyegeia, who gave rise to dynasties of healers and hygienists. The schism (分离) remains today, in clinical training and in practice and, because of the imperative nature of medical care and the subtlety of health care, the former has tended to dominate. Preventive medicine has as its primary objective the maintenance and promotion of health. It accomplishes this by controlling or manipulating environmental factors that affect health and disease. For example, in California presently there is serious suffering and substantial economic loss because of the failure to introduce controlled fluoridation (加氟作用) of public water supplies. Additionally, preventive medicine applies prophylactic (预防性的) measures against disease by such actions as immunization and specific nutritional measures. Third, it attempts to motivate people to adopt healthful lifestyles through education. For the most part, curative medicine has as its primary objective the removal of disease from the patient. It provides diagnostic techniques to identify the presence and nature of the disease process. While these may be applied on a mass basis in an attempt to 'screen' out persons with preclinical disease, they are usually applied after the patient appears with a complaint. Second, it applies treatment to the sick patient. In every case, this is, or should be, individualized according to the particular need of each patient. Third, it utilizes rehabilitation methodologies to return the treated patient to the best possible level of functioning. While it is true that both preventive medicine and curative medicine require cadres of similarly trained personnel such as planners, administrators, and educators, the underlying delivery systems depend on quite distinctive professional personnel. The requirements for curative medicine call for clinically trained individuals who deal with patients on a one-to-one basis and whose training is based primarily on an understanding of the biological, pathological, and psychological processes that determine an individual's health and disease status. The locus (地方)for this training is the laboratory and clinic. Preventive medicine, on the other hand, calls for a very broad spectrum of professional personnel, few of whom require clinical expertise. Since their actions apply either to environmental situations or to population groups, their training takes place in a different type of laboratory or in a community not necessarily associated with the clinical locus. The economic differences between preventive medicine and curative medicine have been extensively discussed, perhaps most convincingly by Winslow in the monograph The Cost of Sickness and the Price of Health. Sickness is almost always a negative, nonproductive and harmful state. All resources expended to deal with sickness are therefore fundamentally economically unproductive. Health, on the other hand, has a very high value in our culture. To the extent that healthy members of the population are replaced by sick members, the economy is doubly burdened. Nevertheless, the per capita cost of preventive measures for specific diseases is generally far lower than the per capita cost of curative medicine applied to treatment of the same disease. Prominent examples are dental caries (蛀牙) , poliomyelitis(脊髓灰质炎 ) and phenylketonuria (苯丙酮尿) . There is an imperative need to provide care for the sick person within a single medical care system, but there is no overriding reason why a linkage is necessary between the two components of a health care system, prevention and treatment. A national health and medical care program composed of semiautonomous systems for personal health care and medical care would have the advantage of clarifying objectives and strategies and of permitting a more equitable division of resources between prevention and cure. The author's primary co
A.
refute a counterargument
B.
draw a distinction
C.
discuss a dilemma
D.
isolate causes
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【多选题】在电工测量中,按照获得测量数据的方法分类可以分为( )。
A.
直读式测量法
B.
比较式测量法
C.
间接式测量法
D.
直接式测量法
【简答题】法律继承的内容十分广泛,包括下列哪一或哪些选项?( )
【单选题】电工测量的方法可分为( )。
A.
直读法
B.
间读法
C.
分析法
D.
比较法
E.
计算法
【简答题】电工测量的方法可分为()法和()法。用电流表测量电流属于()法,用电桥测量电阻属于()法。
【判断题】战国已开始进入铁器时代,青铜器日趋简陋,金文亦相应趋于简约。()
A.
正确
B.
错误
【单选题】消化性溃疡确诊的主要依据是下列哪项
A.
龛影
B.
痉挛性切迹
C.
局部压痛
D.
激惹现象
E.
局部粘膜水肿
【多选题】法律继承的内容十分广泛,包括下列哪一或哪些选项?( )
A.
法律术语、技术、形式
B.
有关社会公共事务的法律规定
C.
反映市场经济规律的法律原则和规范
D.
反映法律一般价值的原则
【简答题】在电工测量中,凡是可以用来直接指示的仪器表读取被测量的数据而无需度量器的直接参与的方法,叫做()。与直读法相对应,凡是在测量过程中需要度量器的直接参与,并通过比较仪器来确定被测量数据值的方法,称为()。根据被测量与标准量比较方法的不同,比较法可以分为()、()和()三种。
【判断题】战国已开始进入铁器时代,青铜器日趋简陋,金文亦相应趋于简约。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【简答题】根据测量结果的获得方式不同,电工仪表的测量方式可分为( )法和( )法。
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