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【简答题】
患者,女性,50岁。慢性肾衰竭、尿毒症,已经透析4年。既往糖尿病、高血压病史10年,拟行肾移植手术。进入手术室后测量血压170/90mmHg,HR85次/分。终末期肾病(end-stage renal dis-ease,ESRD)常见临床表现有A、高钾血症 B、代谢性酸中毒 C、贫血 D、高动力循环状态 E、心肌病 无禁忌证时,肾移植可以采用何种麻醉方法A、局麻 B、硬膜外麻醉 C、腰麻-硬膜外联合麻醉 D、 E、复合椎管内麻醉 该患者麻醉诱导可以选择的药物不包括A、丙泊酚 B、咪达唑仑 C、依托咪酯 D、氯胺酮 E、硫喷妥钠 适用于肾移植麻醉的肌松药有A、库铵 B、维库溴铵 C、哌库溴铵 D、顺式库铵 E、溴铵 适用于肾移植的阿片类药物有A、吗啡 B、阿芬太尼 C、芬太尼 D、舒芬太尼 E、尼 关于肾移植术中的液体管理,正确的是A、严格限制液体入量 B、必须监测CVP C、一些透析后患者血容量不足,需要充分补液 D、移植肾的功能高度依赖灌注压,因此要维持血压于适宜水平 E、术中出血较少,一般不需要输血
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B.
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A.
both common stockholders and bondholders.
B.
neither common stockholders nor bondholders.
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sell their stocks
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are allowed to vote by tap on the floor
D.
all of the above
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水冷壁
B.
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C.
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D.
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A.
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B.
increase assets and increase liabilities.
C.
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D.
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