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【单选题】
Can computers reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately, errors frequently occur, and we are not talking about simple carelessness as occurs when two numbers are incorrectly added, nor do we mean errors resulting from simple forgetfulness. Rather, we have in mind errors of a logic nature--those resulting from faulty reasoning. Now, or at least soon, computers will be capable of error-free logical reasoning in a variety of areas. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the last two decades' research in the field of automated theorem proving. AURA (Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that best exemplifies this use of the computer. AURA solves a problem by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. Program does not learn, nor is it self-analytical, but it reaches logical conclusions flawlessly. It used various types of reasoning and, more important, has access to very powerful and sophisticated logical strategies. AURA seldom relies on brute force to find solutions. Instead it solves almost all problems by using sophisticated techniques to find a contradiction. One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test a safety system that automatically shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the system will not shut the reactor down under those circumstances. If AURA finds a contradiction between the statement and the system's design assumptions, then this aspect of the reactor's design has been proved satisfactory. This strategy, known as the set of support strategy, lets AURA concentrate on the problem at hand and avoid the many fruitless steps required to explore the entire theory underlying the problem. Almost never does the program proceed by carrying out an exhaustive search. The chief use for AURA at this time is for electronic circuit design validation, but a number of other uses will arise. For example, there already exist 'expert systems' that include a component for reasoning. An expert system is a special purpose program designed to automate reasoning in a specific area such as medical diagnosis. These expert programs, unlike human experts, do not die. Such systems continue to improve and have an indefinite life span. Moreover, they can be replicated for pennies. A human who can expertly predict where to drill for oil is in great demand. A program that can predict equally well would be invaluable and could be duplicated any number of times. Will the computer replace the human being? Certainly not. It seems likely that computer programs will reproduce--that is, design more clever computer programs and more efficient, more useful components. Reasoning programs will also analyze their own progress, learn from their attempts to solve a problem, and redirect their attack on a problem. Such programs will assist, rather than replace, humans. Their impact will be felt in design, manufacturing, law, medicine, and other areas. Reasoning assistants will enable human minds to turn to deeper and far more complex ideas. These ideas will be partially formulated and then checked for reasoning flaws by a reasoning program. Many errors will be avoided. The primary purpose of AURA is to
A.
function as a safety mechanism in nuclear reactors.
B.
detect contradictions and other faults in computer programs.
C.
develop expert human programs for technical fields.
D.
check human reasoning for possible errors.
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【单选题】下列说法正确的是( )
A.
m/s是基本单位,牛顿是导出单位
B.
千克、米、牛顿是基本单位
C.
在国际单位制中,质量的单位是g,也可以是kg
D.
只有在国际单位制中,牛顿第二定律的表达式才是F=ma
【多选题】关于力学单位制 , 下列说法正确的是 ( )
A.
kg 、 m/s 、 N 是导出单位
B.
kg 、 m 、 s 是基本单位
C.
在国际单位制中 , 质量的单位可以是 kg, 也可以是 g
D.
只有在国际单位制中 , 牛顿第二定律的表达式才是 F = ma
【简答题】大样本的回归系数b的假设检验的程序有哪几步?
【单选题】回归系数 b 的假设检验,( )。
A.
只能用 r 的检验代替
B.
只能用 t 检验
C.
只能用 F 检验
D.
上述三者均可
【简答题】简述双手胸前传球的动作方法?
【单选题】必要时常用________方法检查活塞式空压机的余隙高度。
A.
压铅
B.
游标卡尺测量
C.
千分卡测量
D.
塞尺测量
【简答题】在对回归系数b的假设检验过程中,一般选择______作为检验统计量。
【多选题】转动定律 告诉我们,以下说法正确的是
A.
刚体在定轴转动时的角加速度 与它受到的合外力矩M成正比,与刚体的转动惯量J成反比
B.
转动定律 与牛顿第二定律F=ma有点类似,有如下对应关系
C.
牛顿第二定律中,加速度a与合外力F之间是完全瞬时对应的关系,转动定律中,角加速度 与合外力矩M之间是也是完全瞬时对应的关系
D.
合外力矩M固定时,转动惯量J越大,角加速度 越小,角速度ω越难改变;转动惯量J越小,角加速度 越大,角速度ω越容易改变。
E.
虽然转动定律 适用于刚体定轴转动,牛顿第二定律F=ma适用于质点运动,但是两个定律的结构、思路、使用方法都是类似的。
【单选题】关于力学单位制,下列说法正确的是
A.
kg、m/s、N是基本单位
B.
kg、m、s是导出单位
C.
在国际单位制中,质量的单位可以是 kg,也可以是g
D.
只有在国际单位制中,牛顿第二定律的表达式才是 F = ma
【单选题】回归系数 b 的假设检验,( )。
A.
只能用相关系数 r 的假设检验代替
B.
只能用 t 检验
C.
只能用 F 检验
D.
上述三者均可
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