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阅读理解。 Need to know in England Travelling Season High Season (Jun-Aug) ＊ Weather at its best. Prices at their highest (especially for August school holidays). ＊ Roads busy, especially in seaside areas, national parks and popular cities. Shoulder (Easter to end May, mid-Sep to end Oct) ＊ Crowds reduce. Prices drop. ＊ Weather often good; sun mixes with sudden rain March to May. Low Season (Dec-Feb) ＊ Wet and cold is the norm. Snow falls in mountain areas. ＊ Opening hours reduced October to Easter; some places shut for the winter. England on Shoestring If you're a shoestring traveller, there's no getting around it-England isn't cheap. Public transport, restaurants and hotel rooms all tend (趋向) to be expensive compared to many other European countries. But you can save money by staying in B&Bs instead of hotels, or hostels instead of B&Bs. You can also save considerably,by prebooking long-distance travel by coach or train-and by avoiding (避开) the times when everyone else is on the move (such as Friday afternoon). Many attractions are free or offer discounts on quiet days (eg Mondays). Arriving in England ＊Heathrow Airport Train to Paddington Station every 15 minutes ＊Gatwick Airport Train to Victoria station every 15 minutes ＊Eurostar trains from Paris or Brussels Arrive at St Pancras International Station in central London ＊Buses from Europe Arrive at London Victoria Coach Station Websites ＊Enjoy England ( www.enjoyengland.com ) Official tourism Website. ＊National Traveline ( www.traveline.org.uk ) Great portal site for all public transport around England. ＊Lonely Planet (lonelyplanet.corn) Destination information, hotel bookings, traveller forums and more. ＊Seize the Days (lonelyplanet.corn／132 days) Weekly updates on UK activities and events. 1. Why do some tourists go to England for travelling between June and August? A. Weather is at its best. B. Wet is the norm. C. Prices drop a lot. D. There are fewer travelers. 2. What does'England on Shoestring'mean in the text? A. The map of England looks like a pair of shoes. B. You can visit England without spending much money. C. It's necessary to wear a pair of shoes with strings in England. D. A1l the attractions in England are free for a shoestring traveller. 3. Which station will you arrive at if you take an Eurostar train from Paris according to the text? A. Paddington Station. B. Victoria Station. C. St Pancras International Station. D. London Victoria Coach Station. 4. Which of the following websites can help you if you want to watch a football match between Manchester United and Liverpool this weekend? A. www.traveline.org.uk B. lonelyplanet.com C. www.enjoyengland.corn D. lonelyplanet.com／132 days 5. What do you think this text is? A. A tour guide. B. A map of England. C. A flight timetable. D. An introduction of England.
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【多选题】How are ER proteins modified by glycosylation?
A.
Many of the proteins that enter the ER lumen or ER membrane are converted to glycoproteins in the ER by the covalent attachment of short, branched oligosaccharide side chains composed of multiple sugars.
B.
This process of glycosylation is carried out by glycosylating enzymes present in the ER but not in the cytosol. Very few proteins in the cytosol are glycosylated, and those that are have only a single sugar attached to them.
C.
The oligosaccharides on proteins can serve various functions. They can protect a protein from degradation, hold it in the ER until it is properly folded, or help guide it to the appropriate organelle by serving as a transport signal for packaging the protein into appropriate transport vesicles.
D.
When displayed on the cell surface, oligosaccharides form part of the cell’s outer carbohydrate layer or glycocalyx and can function in the recognition of one cell by another.
【简答题】[背景] 某水电站建设工程的发电厂房项目，由某施工单位承担工程施工任务，施工单位与建设单位签订的施工合同约定，该施工项目为优良工程。项目经理在施工现场检查时，经对发电厂房的40条混凝土梁抽样检查，发现其中存在问题如表1-1所示的问题。 其中存在蜂窝麻面问题的23条混凝土梁中，有20条混凝土梁蜂窝麻面较严重，3条混凝土梁蜂窝麻面轻微。项目经理在组织召开的质量事故分析处理会上，项目经理综合分析考虑后，...
【单选题】下列关于哲学和世界观的关系说法中，正确的是（） ①.哲学是世界观和方法论的统一②.哲学包括世界观和具体科学 ③.哲学是关于世界观的学说④.哲学与世界观既相互区别又相互联系
A.
①③④
B.
①②③
C.
②③④
D.
①②④
【多选题】How are proteins glycosylated on asparagines in the ER?
A.
In the ER, individual sugars are not added one-by-one to the protein to create an oligosaccharide side chain. Instead, a preformed, branched oligosaccharide containing a total of 14 sugars is attached en bloc to all proteins that carry the appropriate site for glycosylation.
B.
The oligosaccharide is originally attached to a specialized lipid, called dolichol, in the ER membrane; it is then transferred to the amino (NH 2 ) group of an asparagine side chain on the protein, immediately after a target asparagine emerges in the ER lumen during protein translocation. Asparagines that are glycosylated are always present in the tripeptide sequences asparagine-X-serine or asparagine-X-threonine, where X can be almost any amino acid.
C.
The addition takes place in a single enzymatic step that is catalyzed by a membrane-bound enzyme (an oligosaccharyl transferase) that has its active site exposed on the lumenal side of the ER membrane— which explains why cytosolic proteins are not glycosylated in this way.
D.
A simple sequence of three amino acids, of which the target asparagine is one, defines which sites in a protein receive the oligosaccharide. Oligosaccharide side chains linked to an asparagine NH 2 group in a protein are said to be N-linked and this is by far the most common type of linkage found on glycoproteins.
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