阅读理解 Directions : Read the following passage . Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage . Smoking in indoor public places including public working place, public transportation vehicles and some other special outdoor working spaces has been banned in China since January 2011. Should smoking be banned in public places? Of course, it should be. First, banning smoking in public places will not only help in saving smokers from various kinds of heath conditions and diseases, but will also be beneficial for passive smokers. Second, banning smoking in public places will put pressure on smokers to quit. Since a smoker is forbidden from smoking in public places, he will learn how to live without smoking a cigarette for long hours. Moreover, when a smoker doesn't see anybody around him smoking or smelling of cigarette, it might reduce his urge to smoke too. Thus, people have to quit smoking as a result of smoking ban. Smoking in public places influences nonsmokers to take up smoking, especially adolescents. Since teens are in an impressionable age, when they see people around them smoking, they get encouraged to try it and then it becomes a habit, increasing the incidence of teen smoking. Moreover, asthma(哮喘) and ear infections are commonly seen in children who live around smokers, so if it's banned in public places, these places will become safe for children and teens, healthwise. Looking from the economic point of view, since smoking is a major contributing factor to many diseases, it leads to absence from work. Moreover, employees who smoke tend to take breaks now and then to smoke, thus cutting back on their working hours. So, if employers want to increase work productivity and want to make sure that their employees remain healthy, they should ban and stop smoking in and around offices. At last, smoking cigarettes adds to the pollution of the air, so if it is banned, it will help in saving the environment from further deterioration(恶化). 1.According to the passage, in what situation do smokers reduce their urge to smoke? (No more than 11 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 2. Seen from the environmental point of view, why shouldn't people smoke in public places? (No more than 7 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 3. How does smoking in and around offices affect work productivity? (No more than 13 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the main idea of the passage?(No more than 8 words) ________________________________________________________________________