【单选题】CRISPR/Cas is a powerful approach to edit genes. “CRISPR” stands for clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; as the name suggests, these consist of a series of regularly spaced sho...
A.
The CRISPR sequences and Cas protein are components of a kind of nervous system that evolved to allow bacteria to survive infection by bacteriophages.
B.
CRISPR sequences are embedded in the bacterial genome, surrounding sequences derived from phage pathogens that previously infected the bacterium without killing it. The viral sequences are, in effect, spacer sequences separating the CRISPR sequences. When the same bacteriophage again attacks a bacterium with the corresponding CRISPR/Cas system, the CRISPR sequence and Cas protein act together to destroy the viral DN
C.
First, the CRISPR sequences are transcribed to RNA, and individual viral spacer sequences are cleaved to form products called guide RNAs (gRNAs), which include some adjacent repeat RN A gRNA forms a complex with one or more Cas proteins and, in some cases, with another RNA called a trans-activating CRISPR RNA, or tracrRN
D.
The resulting complex binds specifically to the invading bacteriophage DNA, cleaving and destroying it through the nuclease activities associated with the Cas proteins.