【多选题】What are posttranslational modifications of proteins ?
A.
In addition to folding properly, many proteins—once they leave the ribosome—require further adjustments before they are useful to the cell. Namely, many proteins require posttranslational modifications (PTMs) to become fully functional.
B.
To be useful to the cell, a completed polypeptide must fold correctly into its three-dimensional conformation and then bind any required cofactors and protein partners—all via noncovalent bonding.
C.
Many proteins also require one or more covalent modifications to become active—or to be recruited to specific membranes or organelles.
D.
Although phosphorylation and glycosylation are the most common, more than 100 types of covalent modifications of proteins are known.
【多选题】What different functions do proteins have? ( )
E.
Defense against foreign bodies
F.
Enzymes that speed up reactions
【单选题】What is NOT a key element of a balanced meal?
【多选题】What physiological functions do proteins have?
A.
Build and repair body tissues
B.
Synthesize physiological substance
C.
Regulate body fluids and maintain PH balance
【单选题】The _______ are transmembrane proteins.
A.
lipid-anchored membrane proteins
B.
integral membrane proteins
C.
peripheral membrane proteins
D.
extracellular matrix proteins
【单选题】What part of the cell makes proteins? ( )
【多选题】What is the structure of the SMC proteins (structural maintenance of chromosomes)?
A.
The primary structure of SMC proteins consists of five distinct domains.
B.
The amino- and carboxyl-terminal globular domains, N and C, each of which contains part of an ATP-hydrolytic site, are connected by two regions of α-helical coiled-coil motifs joined by a hinge domain.
C.
The proteins are generally dimeric, forming a V-shaped complex that is thought to be tied together through the protein’s hinge domains.
D.
One N and one C domain come together to form a complete ATP-hydrolytic site at each free end of the V.
【单选题】What is the secondary structure for proteins?
A.
coagulation of protein chains
B.
peptide bond between individual amino acid
C.
the helix that the protein chain curls into as a result of hydrogen bond and other weak forces
D.
when the protein moleculaes fold back on themselves outside of the helical segments
【判断题】对图中的每一条支路指定了参考方向的图称为有向图.( )