In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more varied jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the workers’ life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, the variety is not an important factor.  Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it. Another important consideration is how much each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one small part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is the degree; of workers’ contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.  To what extent more money led to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is so boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.  1. Which of these possible factors leading to greater productivity is not true? A) To make jobs more varied. B) To give the worker freedom to do his job in his own way. C) Degree of work contribution. D) Demands for longer working hours.  2. Why workers want more money? A) Because their jobs are too boring. B) In order to enjoy more spare time. C) To make their jobs more interesting. D) To demand shorter working hours. 3. The last sentence in this passage means that if we succeed in making workers’ jobs more interesting __. A) they will want more money B) they will demand shorter working hours C) more money and shorter working hours are important factors D) more money and shorter working hours will not be so important to them  4 . In this passage, the author tells us __. A) how to make the workers more productive B) possible factors leading to greater efficiency C) to a certain extent more money lead to greater productivity D) how to make workers’ jobs more interesting  5 . The author of this passage is probably a __. A) teacher B) worker C) manager D) physicist 