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回答问题: Ⅰ.某人一次性饮1000mL清水,1h内尿量显著增加,这是由于细胞外液渗透压________(填“升高”或“降低”),刺激___________处的渗透压感受器,导致其释放的激素减少,降低了肾小集合管对水的通透性,使吸收减少。饮水1h后,尿量逐渐恢复正常。机体通过_________机制维持内环境相对稳定。 Ⅱ.图1和图2分别是反射弧和突触的结构示意图,图2中的Y来自图1中的A,图2 中的X来自大脑皮层。 (1)图中C为该反射弧的_____________。 (2)当感受器接受适宜刺激后,若导致效应器产生反应,则①释放的递质使③______(填“兴奋”或“抑制”)。 (3)若用药物阻断②与③之间的联系,则当感受器接受适宜刺激后,效应器_____(填“能”或“不能”)产生兴奋;若A处受损,则当感受器接受适宜刺激后,效应器_______(填“能”或“不能”)产生兴奋。
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