Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack German researchers have comeup with a new generation of defibrillators(除颤器) and early-warn-ing software aimed at offeringheart patients greater _(51) from sudden death from cardiac ar-rest (心脏停搏). InGermanyalone, around 100,000people die annually _(52) a result of cardiac arrest and many of these casesare caused by disruption to the heart's thythm. Those most at _(53) are patients who have alreadysuffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved'useful in _ _(54)life-threatening disruptions to heart thythms and correcting them automaticallyby intervening within seconds. These devices _(55) on a range of functions, such asthat of pacemaker(起搏器). Heart specialists atFreiburg's University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with anim-planted defibrillator (56) of generating a six-channelelectrocardiogram (ECG,心电图 ) with-in the body. This integrated systemallows _ _(57) diagnosis ofsevere blood-flow problems and a pending. (即将发生的) heartattack. It will be implanted in . _(58) for the first time this year.Meanwhile,researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics inKaiserslautern have developed new computer software that _(59) the evalution ofECG data more precise. Theoverwhelming majority of patients at risk will not have an implanteddefibrillator and must for this _(60)undergo regular ECGs. "Many of the current programs only take into _ (61) a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making use of a non-linear process (62) reveals the chaotic patterns ofheart beats as an open and complex system," Hagen Knaf says,"In thisway changes in the heart _(63) over time can be monitored and individualvariations in patients taken into account. " An old study of ECG data,based upon 600 patients who had (64)a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to showthat the new software evaluates the ( 65) considerably better.