Task 1 Read the following passage about the relationship between the climate change and turbulence. Choose the best heading for each paragraph from the list in the box. There is one heading you do NOT need. 1. Paragraph 1______ 2. Paragraph 2______ 3. Paragraph 3______ 4. Paragraph 4______ 5. Paragraph 5______ A. Technology-not always helpful B. The predication of climate change C. Preparing for a worse flying trip D. Ways of handling turbulence E. Self-protection on the flight F. The increasing rate of turbulence Climate change will make flying worse Paragraph 1 In addition to rising seas, longer droughts, and all manner of weather nightmares, global climate change promises to make flying just a bit more hellish. British scientists ran computer models simulating the widely predicted global increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide-to see how it might affect air turbulence. The short answer? Flying is going to get a whole lot bumpier. Paragraph 2 This will trouble the airline industry, which in any given year experiences nearly 800"turbulence encounters" that resuIt in hundreds of minor injuries and dozens of major injuries. The study finds that light turbulence will increase by 59 percent, and light-to-moderate turbulence will increase by 75 Percent. In other words, expect more spilled drinks and dire warnings to buckle up. Things get worse from there, with the incidence of increasingly severe turbulence going up, up, and up. Truly severe turbulence-jolts harsh enough to toss people around-will climb 149 percent. Paragraph 3 Don't worry, though. Airlines are developing ways to warn pilots of trouble and stabilize aircrafts. Pilots know how to handle turbulence, of course, and get real-time updates of turbulent air from air traffic control and other pilots on the same flight path. Technology can help, too. Paragraph 4 An on-board system exists that can spot air turbulence up to 18 miles ahead of the plane. It kind of works, but it weighs a ton, isn't terribly effective, and still costs a fortune. Unsurprisingly, there not so much interest from the aeronautics industry to use it. Paragraph 5 So technology and training may mitigate the impacts of increasingly turbulent flights, but in the meantime, it may be a good idea to keep your seat beIt fastened, even when the light isn't on.