Directions : Read the following passage . Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage . For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, since it is where the people gather together to socialize and exchange news. After all, the word 'pub' is actually short for ' public house'． As a result of this sort of history, British pubs are often old and well preserved. Many of them have become historic sites. The most famous example is the pub in the city of Nottingham called 'Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem', which dates back to the year 1189 AD and is probably the oldest pub in England. However, British pubs are not just for kings and queens; they welcome people from all classes and parts of society. On a cold night, the pub's landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire. There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price. That's how things used to be. Things are beginning to change. It is said that the credit crunch(信贷紧缩) is causing 39 British pubs a week to go out of business. People do not have enough spare money to spend on beer. Recently, the UK government banned smoking in all pubs, and that may also have affected the number of customers going to pubs. As you can see, British pubs now offer something for everyone. A lot of pubs used to be 'working men's clubs', meaning that women could not usually enter. Today, however, women can freely enter 99% of pubs without experiencing any problems. Perhaps things are changing for the better after all. 1. Why are British pubs often so old and well preserved?(No more than 19 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 2.Why are so many British pubs going out of business? (No more than 5 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 3. What in pubs attracts people from all classes? (No more than 13 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 4. What is the passage mainly about? (No more than 9 words) ________________________________________________________________________