Genghis Khan(成吉思汗) Genghis Khan, the great Mongol conqueror, was horn in about 1162. His father, a petty (小的) Mongol chieftain(头人) named the boy Temujin(), after a defeated rival chieftain, and for some years the surviving members of the family lived in constant danger and privation (贫困). This was an inauspicious (不详的) beginning, hut Temujin's situation was to become a lot worse before it got better. When he was a young man, he was captured in a raid by a rival tribe. To prevent his escaping, a wooden collar was placed around his neck. From this extremity of helplessness as an illiterate prisoner in a primitive, barren country, Temujin rose to become the most powerful man in the world. His rise started when he managed to escape from his captors. He then allied himself with Roghril, a friend of his father's, and chieftain of one of the related tries living in the areA．There followed many years of internecine warfare(部族战争) among these various Mongol tribes, in the course of which Temujin gradually fought his way to the top. The tribesmen of Mongolia had long been known as skilled horsemen and fierce warriors. Throughout history, they had made sporadic(零星的) raids into northern ChinA．However, before the rise of Temujin, thevarious tribes had always spent most of their energy in fighting each other. By a combination of military prowess(武力), diplomacy, ruthlessness(冷酷无情)and organizational ability, Temujin managed to weld(联合)all of these tribes together under his leadership, and in 1206 an assembly of the Mongol chieftains pro- claimed him Genghis Khan, or 'the universal emperor'. The formidahle(可怕的)military machine that Genghis Khan had assembled was then turned outward upon neighboring nations. He first attacked the Western Xia state in northwestern China and the Jin Empire in northern ChinA．While these battles Were going on, a dispute arose between Genghis Khan and the Khwarezm Shah Muhammad, who ruled a considerable empire in Persia and central Asia.In 1219, Genghis led his armies against the Khwarezm Shah. Central Asia and Persia were overrun, and the Khwarezm Shah's empire was completely destroyeD．While other Mongol armies were attacking Russia, Genghis Khan himself led a raid into Afghanistan and northern IndiA．He returned to Mongolia in 1225, and died there in 1227． 第 31 题 Temujin was a name given to the boy________ A．by Genghis Khan.