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"The primitive forms of artificial intelligence we already have, have proved very useful. But I think the development of full artificial intelligence could spell the end of the human race," Stephen Hawking (1944-2018) told the BBC in 2014. "Once humans develop artificial intelligence it would take off on its own, and re-design itself at an ever increasing rate," he said. This has stirred a number of arguments.A.
Other experts said "true" AI—loosely defined as a machine that can pass itself off as a human being or think creatively—was at best decades away, and cautioned against alarmism.
B.
Since the field was launched at a conference in 1956, "predictions that AI will be achieved in the next 15 to 25 years have littered the field," according to Oxford researcher Stuart Armstrong."Unless we missed something really spectacular in the news recently, none of them have come to pass," Armstrong says in a book, "Smarter than Us: The Rise of Machine Intelligence."
C.
Jean-Gabriel Ganascia, an AI expert & moral philosopher at the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, said Hawking's warning was "over the top.""Many things in AI unleash emotion & worry because it changes our way of life," he said. "Hawking said there would be autonomous technology which would develop separately from humans. He has no evidence to support that. There is no data to back this opinion."
D.
"It's a little apocalyptic," said Mathieu Lafourcade, an AI language specialist at the University of Montpellier, southern France. "Machines already do things better than us," he said, pointing to chess-playing software. "That doesn't mean they are more intelligent than us."
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