How does eukaryotic RNA polymerase II recruit general transcription factors to initiate transcription? A. Most eukaryotic promoters contain a DNA sequence called the TATA box. The TATA box is recognized by a subunit of the general transcription factor TFIID, called the TATA-binding protein (TBP). The TATA box is a key component of many promoters used by RNA polymerase II, and it is typically located about 30 nucleotides upstream from the transcription. start site. B. The binding of TFIID enables the adjacent binding of TFIIB. The rest of the general transcription factors, as well as the RNA polymerase itself, then assemble at the promoter. C. TFIIH pries apart the double helix at the transcription start point, using the energy of ATP hydrolysis, which exposes the template strand of the gene. TFIIH also phosphorylates RNA polymerase II, releasing the polymerase from most of the general transcription factors, so it can begin transcription. The site of phosphorylation is a long polypeptide “tail” that extends from the polymerase. TFIIH contains a protein kinase as one of its subunits. D. Once the polymerase moves away from the promoter, most of the general transcription factors are released from the DNA; the exception is TFIID, which remains bound through multiple rounds of transcription initiation. Thus, the general transcription factors have a similar role in eukaryotic transcription as sigma factor has in bacterial transcription.